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Dance styles

On this page you'll find answers to all your questions about the effervescent and generous dance that is Swing, from its origins to the different dance styles it has inspired.

The history of Swing

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What Are the Origins of Swing?

In an era when racial segregation was rampant, dance succeeded in bringing together all humans who loved to move and listen to uplifting music, regardless of their color. The origins of the Lindy Hop dance are diverse and not easily traceable, but it's certain that the influences from circles of slaves and their rituals from Africa, coupled with the European tradition of couple dances brought by the colonists, combined to elevate the spirit out of even the most difficult situations. From a violent history of coersion, this gave rise to some of the world's most joyful dances: Lindy Hop and other Swing dances! In the early 20th century, popular dances like the Foxtrot, Two-step, One-step were practiced to ragtime music, and were later joined by the Texas-Tommy, Turkey Trot, Cake Walk, Charleston, and eventually, as jazz developed, so did the Lindy Hop. The Lindy Hop (or Jitterbug) is a street dance that developed within the African American community of Harlem (New York) in the late 1920s, in parallel to jazz music, particularly swing. Swing music and Lindy Hop evolved in ballrooms like the famous Savoy, opened in 1926. Based on improvisation, Lindy Hop is danced in couples and is characterized by its great diversity and freedom of expression, both in tempo and in steps, rhythms, and styles. The dance takes its name from Charles Lindbergh’s ("Lindy") jump across the Atlantic Ocean in his plane "Spirit of Saint Louis" in 1927. Lindy Hop is immediately recognizable by its energy, variety of movements, and can even incorporate acrobatics! Much like Lindbergh’s plane, some Lindy Hop dancers appear to fly when they dance, especially at fast tempos when long kicks can replace the steps! The Savoy hosted the cream of the crop of jazz and swing orchestras of the time, such as Bennie Goodman, Count Basie, but the house band was none other than Chick Webb's, featuring the wonderful Ella Fitzgerald, and is said to have been unequaled. The Savoy was nicknamed the ‘Home of Happy Feet’ and could accommodate thousands of dancers without discriminating based on color, at a time when that was common. The Savoy closed its doors in July 1958, after 32 years of beloved service, which transformed the spirit of the Harlem neighborhood, one dance at a time. Dean Collins, born Sol Ruddosky, was an American dancer and choreographer from New Jersey known for being one of the most innovative figures, popularizing Lindy Hop in Southern California when he moved there in 1936. He worked on more than 37 films and appeared live numerous times. He also appeared in the famous film Hellzapoppin', along with New York’s Whitey's Lindy Hoppers. He taught Swing dance in Los Angeles from the 1930s until his death in 1984. He is credited with a style called 'Smooth Style' where the bounce was almost completely eliminated. He partnered with the fabulous Jewel McGowan for 11 years. The culture and practice of Lindy Hop saw a decline in the late 1950s, along with the rise of disco and ‘solo’ dance in general. But Swing never stopped in the African American community! It simply left mainstream radio, cinemas, and popular shows… However, in the 1980s, there was a resurgence of interest in this art form. One of the groups contributing to this revival was a dance troupe called ‘Rhythm Hot Shots’ based in Stockholm, founded in 1985 and later renamed Harlem Hot Shots in 2002. This group of passionate dancers has been at the heart of the Lindy Hop revival in the 1980s and 1990s. They specialize in the reinterpretation of classic routines from the 1920s to the 1940s and organize the world's largest swing dance camp every summer for over 30 years, the "Herrang Dance Camp." Also, we owe the return of the great Frankie Manning and other dancers from the glory days of Lindy Hop such as Norma Miller, Dawn Hampton, Sonny Allen, and many others as ambassadors of modern Lindy Hop. Frankie Manning has been very influential in the modern interpretation of Lindy Hop, both in how people dance it and in teaching methods. He emphasized the human aspect of the dance, stressing that partners should take care of each other, listen to the music, and create from that listening; always keeping a smile! Our group was privileged to be invited to perform at one of the last shows he saw in his lifetime in the spring of 2009 in Houston, Texas; Frankie passed away in April 2009, at the age of 94.

Why is it Called "Swing" ?

Swing is also a generic term for all the dances that have evolved along with the currents of Blues, Ragtime, Jazz, Swing, Rock and Roll, and even Rhythm and Blues music. In short, all the popular improvised dances that have followed American musical trends since the 1890s and have adapted to them. The large family of Swing dances includes among others: Charleston, Lindy Hop, Collegiate Shag, Balboa, West Coast Swing, Boogie Woogie... The term "Jitterbug," on the other hand, was mainly used as a derogatory to describe the person dancing the Lindy Hop.

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How to Recognize Swing Among Other Dances?

Swing is characterized by bouncing ("the bounce" or "the pulse") and swift, fluid swinging movements, as well as by complex and varied steps based on improvisation and self-expression. It's a very lively dance style that can be danced either in couples or alone. It is divided into several styles, all characterized by dynamic movements.

What Songs are Ideal for Swing Dancing?

Swing is a dance that is performed to music based on American vernacular. Swing music is a blend of jazz, blues, rhythm and blues, and rock and roll. The most popular tracks to ignite the dance floor include "Rock Around the Clock" by Bill Haley and his Comets, "Jump, Jive and Wail" by Louis Prima, and "Route 66" by Nat King Cole.

Then of course there are the big bands, these classics of the swing era who were the "kings of swing"... A title which is often given to Benny Goodman, but among true connoisseurs it is difficult not to consider Chick Webb often accompanied by the inimitable Ella Fitzgerald as the true champions in the genre.

Given that these songs form the basis of much of today's pop music, it's really not surprising that West Coast Swing is mainly danced to songs that could belong to the current Top 40!

What types of swing dance are available at Studio 88?

Lindy Hop

Le Lindy Hop est le nom donné à la danse Swing la plus populaire de tous les temps. Connue aussi sous le nom de Jitterbug, ou tout simplement de Swing ou Lindy, le Lindy Hop est la danse Swing authentique qui s'est développée dans la communauté noire de Harlem (New York) vers la fin des années 20, en parallèle avec la musique jazz et plus particulièrement le swing. La musique Swing et le Lindy Hop évoluèrent dans les salles de bal dont le fameux Savoy, ouvert en 1926. Basé sur un principe d'improvisation, le Lindy Hop se danse en couple et se caractérise par sa grande diversité, tant dans les tempos que dans les styles. Cette danse tire son nom du saut ("hop") de l'océan atlantique par Charles Lindbergh (surnommé Lindy) dans son avion «Spirit of Saint Louis» en 1927. Le Lindy Hop se reconnait immédiatement par son énergie, et peut intégrer des acrobaties !

Lindy Hop

Lindy Hop is the most popular Swing dance of all time. Also known as Jitterbug, or simply Swing or Lindy, Lindy Hop is the authentic Swing dance that developed in the Black community of Harlem (New York) in the late 1920s, alongside jazz music, particularly swing. Swing music and Lindy Hop flourished in ballrooms like the famous Savoy, which opened in 1926. Based on improvisation, Lindy Hop is a partnered dance characterized by its diverse tempos and styles. The dance takes its name from Charles Lindbergh's (nicknamed Lindy) transatlantic flight in his plane "Spirit of St. Louis" in 1927. Lindy Hop is instantly recognizable for its energy and may even incorporate acrobatics!

West Coast Swing

West Coast Swing is a partnered dance that gained popularity in the 1950s and 1960s. While retaining similar rhythms and connection concepts from Lindy Hop, this dance evolved with contemporary music trends. Initially danced to blues, it now encompasses a broad range of music genres like pop, funk, hip hop, country, and R&B. This style is characterized by slower tempos and the absence of the "bounce" used in most other Swing dances. It features fluid and elastic movements and is danced within well-defined lanes, unlike the free-ranging nature of Lindy Hop. West Coast Swing retains its improvisational nature but has developed its own set of connection codes between partners, transforming the rock-step into an anchor step. This style apparently evolved from the smooth Californian style, especially danced by Dean Collins, and underwent a more linear transformation for cinematic aesthetics. West Coast Swing is one of the most popular and widely danced styles worldwide and was the winning style of the very first season of the hit show “So You Think You Can Dance.”

Plus d'informations sur ce style, sur notre site www.evolutionswing.ca

West Coast Swing

Le West Coast Swing est une danse en couple popularisée dans les années 50 et 60. Tout en gardant des rythmiques et des concepts de connexion similaires au Lindy Hop, cette danse a évolué avec les courants musicaux contemporains. Bien qu'à l'origine, le WCS se dansait sur du blues, il se pratique maintenant sur un vaste éventail de musiques comme le pop, funk, hip hop, country, RnB, etc. Ce style est caractérisé par des tempos plus lents et la disparition du « bounce » utilisé dans la plupart des autres danses swing. On reconnait le West Coast Swing à ses mouvements souples et élastiques, et à ses déplacements dans des corridors bien définis, contrairement au Lindy Hop où les danseurs se baladent sur le plancher de danse tant linéairement que circulairement. Le West Coast Swing a conservé son aspect improvisationnel dans sa nature, mais a su développer son propre code de connexion entre les partenaires, notamment en transformant le rock-step en un anchor step. Le West Coast Swing a apparemment évolué à partir du smooth style californien, notamment dansé par Dean Collins et a subi une transformation plus linéaire à des fins d’esthétique cinématographique.

Charleston

The Charleston was first performed in the USA in 1923, and takes its name from the South Carolina town of the same name. Solo, in couples or in groups, the Charleston is danced to the wild, syncopated rhythms of ragtime and swing. It was given a big boost in 1923 with the Broadway show Runnin' Wild, featuring James P. Johnson's musical score and the play Charleston, which was the most performed and listened-to play of the 20s! The Charleston was first popularized in France by Josephine Baker in "La Revue Nègre" at the Théâtre des Champs-Élysées. This dance was an important influence in the creation of the Lindy Hop, and even today, the two are mixed together to create a more dynamic style on the dance floor. Hip hop dancers are also greatly influenced by this dance from the 20s, demonstrating how the reach of a style, a lifestyle and a dance can cross multiple generations!

Charleston

Le Charleston fut créé aux États-Unis en 1923 et tire son nom de la ville du même nom en Caroline du Sud. En solo, en couple ou en groupe, le Charleston se danse sur les rythmes endiablés et syncopés du ragtime et du swing. Il a connu un grand essort en 1923 par le biais du spectacle Broadway Runnin’ Wild animé par la trame musicale de James P. Johnson et la pièce Charleston qui a été la pièce la plus jouée et la plus écoutée dans les années 20! Le Charleston fut popularisé en France par Joséphine Baker dans « La Revue Nègre » au théâtre des Champs-Élysées. Cette danse a été une influence importante dans la création du Lindy Hop et encore aujourd’hui, on les mélange l'un à l'autre pour créer un style plus dynamique sur le plancher de danse. Les danseurs de hip hop sont aussi influencés grandement par cette danse des années 20, démontrant comment la portée d’un style, d’un mode de vie et d’une danse peuvent traverser de multiples générations!

Documentaire sur la danse Charleston

Blues

Ayant également pour origine les rythmes et mouvements africains, plusieurs danses historiques se sont développées parallèlement au Swing avec l’avènement de la musique blues. Ces danses ont vu le jour dans les Juke Joints, qui étaient des établissements de réunion tenus par les afro-américains, où ceux-ci pouvaient relaxer et socialiser. On y retrouvait: musique, danse, jeux et la substance responsable pour la Prohibition: l’alcool! Bien que jamais largement pratiquées, ces danses ont traversé les époques pour donner la danse Blues que nous connaissons aujourd'hui. Ce manque d'approbation populaire, contrairement aux autres danses afro-américaines, est en partie lié à son aspect plus intime et sensuel. En effet, la danse se base sur une communication et une connexion physique plus subtile entre partenaires et, encore aujourd'hui, il n'est pas rare que l'ambiance d'un "late night" ou d'un "house party" soit plus appropriée à la danse Blues. Il n'en reste pas moins qu'apprendre à danser le Blues permet de mieux comprendre certains concepts-clé de la danse sociale, tels que: simplicité, clarté, connexion, mouvement ainsi que l'interprétation musicale et émotionnelle.

Blues in Competition at the European Championships 2013

Blues

Blues is the origin of swing music. The first musicians to play the blues were African-American slaves working on plantations. The blues were songs about their lives and suffering. Also originating in African rhythms and movements, several historic dances developed alongside swing with the advent of blues music. These dances originated in Juke Joints, which were meeting places run by African-Americans where they could relax and socialize. They featured music, dancing, games and the substance responsible for Prohibition: alcohol! Although never widely practiced, these dances have come down through the ages to become the Blues dances we know today. This lack of popular approval, unlike other African-American dances, is partly due to its more intimate, sensual aspect (and not necessarily its nature). Indeed, the dance is based on a more subtle communication and physical connection between partners and, even today, it's not uncommon for the atmosphere of a late night or house party to be more appropriate for Blues dancing. Nonetheless, learning to Blues dance enables us to better understand certain key concepts of social dancing, such as simplicity, clarity, connection, movement and musical and emotional interpretation.

Blues in Competition at the European Championships 2013

Balboa

Balboa is a swing dance born in the 1920s on the West Coast of the United States, more precisely on the Balboa Peninsula near San Diego. It was created to accommodate the lack of space on crowded dance floors. It is characterized by a very close closed position and elegant footwork. Although originally danced exclusively in the closed position (Pure Bal), a decade or so later it evolved to include movements in the open position (Bal Swing). Balboa is danced to medium to fast tempos, but does not exclude slower rhythms. The names that have marked the particular history of this dance, created by dancers for dancers, are Willie and Lila Desatoff, Hal Takier, Maxie Dorf, Bart Bartolo... Crowded dance floors led to closer dancing. The dance thus became less exuberant and favored instead an experience of complicity shared by the two dancers, with the help of the music.


Balboa Strictly Finals at ILHC 2014

Balboa Strictly Finals at CSC 2014

Balboa

Le Balboa est une danse swing née dans les années 20 sur la côte ouest des États-Unis, plus précisément dans la péninsule de Balboa près de San Diego. C'est une danse qui fut créée pour s'adapter au manque d'espace sur les planchers de danse bondés. Elle se caractérise par une position fermée très rapprochée et d'élégants jeux de pieds. Bien qu'il soit dansé exclusivement en position fermé à l'origine (Pure Bal), il évolua, une dizaine d'années plus tard, intégrant des mouvements en position ouverte (Bal Swing). Le Balboa est dansé plus particulièrement sur des tempos moyens à rapides mais n'exclut pas les rythmes plus lents. Les noms qui ont marqué l’histoire particulière de cette danse créée par des danseurs pour des danseurs, sont Willie et Lila Desatoff, Hal Takier, Maxie Dorf, Bart Bartolo... Les planchers de danse remplis à craquer ont mené à une danse plus rapprochée. Cette danse est donc devenue moins exubérante et a favorisé plutôt une expérience de complicité partagée par les deux danseurs, à l’aide de la musique.

Balboa Strictly Finals at ILHC 2014

Balboa Strictly Finals at CSC 2014

Boogie Woogie

Le Boogie Woogie est une danse swing des années 50 inspirée de la musique du même nom. Le style de cette danse est à cheval entre le Rock'n Roll, pour son rythme énergique et le style de musique sur lequel est pratiqué la danse, et le Lindy Hop, pour son aspect swingué et improvisé. L'interprétation de la musique est un aspect crucial de cette danse rapide et explosive. On y retrouve des jeux de pieds précis et il arrive souvent que des acrobaties soient intégrées dans la danse en spectacle ou en compétition. Ce qui caractérise le Boogie Woogie principalement est l’usage d’un mouvement de pompe des jambes, des genoux très pliés et un rythme rappelant le roulement d’une locomotive. Bien qu’originant d’une transformation directe du Lindy Hop sur la musique Rock and Roll, le Boogie Woogie est maintenant pratiqué surtout en Europe. Par contre, les nombreux voyages des danseurs de Swing aident à propager rapidement les diverses pratiques de danse sociale et donc on en voit aussi au Québec aujourd’hui! Aussi, de nos jours, le Boogie Woogie est davantage une danse de compétition que sociale, puisqu’elle est pratiquée en championnat de plusieurs pays d’Europe. Pour ceux et celles qui ont de l’énergie à revendre et un faible pour la musique Rock and Roll : le Boogie Woogie est fait pour vous!

Antoine and Sandrine's great Boogie Woogie Short Showcase - 1st place Jump n Dance 2014.

Boogie Woogie

Boogie Woogie is a swing dance from the 50s inspired by the music of the same name. The style of this dance straddles the line between Rock'n Roll, for its energetic rhythm and the style of music to which the dance is performed, and Lindy Hop, for its swinging, improvisatory aspect. Interpretation of the music is a crucial aspect of this fast-paced, explosive dance. There's precise footwork, and acrobatics are often incorporated into the dance in performance or competition. Boogie Woogie is mainly characterized by the use of a pumping leg movement, highly bent knees and a rhythm reminiscent of a rolling locomotive. Although it originated as a direct transformation of Lindy Hop to Rock and Roll music, Boogie Woogie is now practiced mainly in Europe. Swing dancers' frequent travels, however, helped to spread the various social dance practices rapidly, and so we're also seeing them in Quebec today! Today, Boogie Woogie is more a competitive dance than a social one, as it is practiced in championships in several European countries. For those with energy to spare and a soft spot for Rock and Roll music: Boogie Woogie is for you!

Antoine and Sandrine's great Boogie Woogie Short Showcase - 1st place Jump n Dance 2014.

Rock'n'Roll

Rock and Roll is primarily a musical style from the 1950s, but the Rock and Roll dance is essentially a form of Lindy Hop adapted to that music, as seen in this video featuring the legendary Bill Haley. In France, 'Rock' is mainly a 6-count dance, but it's not commonly practiced or taught in Canada. Instead, simplified and dynamic patterns of Lindy Hop are used to interpret popular music from those years! There is also another 4-count dance often associated with Rock n Roll called Rockabilly Jive.

Rock'n'Roll

Le Rock and Roll est avant tout un style musical des années 50, mais la danse Rock and Roll est tout simplement une forme de Lindy Hop adaptée à la musique. En France, le 'Rock' est une danse en 6 temps mais elle ne se pratique ni ne s'enseigne au Canada. On danse plutôt le Lindy Hop avec des patterns simples et dynamiques, pour interpréter la musique populaire de ces années!

Collegiate Shag

Collegiate Shag first appeared in American colleges, each with its own particular style. Collegiate Shag is an energetic dance characterized by a very close closed position, a strong up-and-down bounce and fast, precise footwork, mostly in 6-count.

How do I register for a swing dance lesson?

To sign up for a class, simply access the calendar here, select the class you're interested in and follow the registration steps.

Would you like to try out a particular dance style? Take advantage of a free trial class by contacting us at 514-887-9464.

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